Hyperuricemia is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is a waste product that forms when the body breaks down purines, which are naturally occurring substances found in certain foods and body tissues. In a healthy individual, uric acid is dissolved in the blood and excreted from the body through urine. However, when there is an excess of uric acid or the body is unable to eliminate it effectively, hyperuricemia occurs.

Gout, on the other hand, is a type of arthritis that is directly associated with hyperuricemia. Gout occurs when uric acid crystals build up in the joints, leading to sudden and severe joint pain, inflammation, redness, and swelling. The most commonly affected joint is the big toe, although gout can also affect other joints such as the ankles, knees, elbows, wrists, and fingers. Gout attacks often occur suddenly and can be triggered by factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, certain medications, purine-rich foods (e.g., organ meats, seafood, and red meat), dehydration, and obesity.
Gout is considered a chronic condition, and recurrent gout attacks can lead to joint damage and the formation of tophi, which are lumps of uric acid crystals that can develop under the skin. The condition can be managed through lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy weight, following a low-purine diet, staying hydrated, limiting alcohol intake, and taking medications prescribed by a healthcare professional to control uric acid levels and prevent gout attacks.
It is important for individuals with symptoms of hyperuricemia or gout to consult with a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management strategies.
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